Pulverizer.



W. K. LIGGETT.

PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED B30215, 1908.

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Patented Feb. 3

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PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 15, 190B.

Patented Feb. 3, 1914.

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WllILLIAM K. LIGGETT, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE JEFFREYMANUFAC- TUBING COMPANY, .A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

PULVERIZER.

Patented Feb. 3,1914. 467,702.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM K. Lreonr'n,

a citizen of the United States, residingat Columbus, in the county ofFranklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Pulverizers,.of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying'drawing'. n

This invention relates to pulverizers and has as its object theprovision of improved feeding mechanism for delivering the material tothe pulverizing chamber, improved construction and mounting of thebreaker plates and the screening bars, improved hammer mechanism, andimproved arrange ment of the frame parts generally of the machine.

Of the drawings Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of the machine as awhole. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectiom taken along the line 22 ofFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine with the feed-hopperremoved. F 4 is an enlarged vertical longitudinal section through one ofthe bearings. Fig. 5 is an end view, partly in vertical cross-section,of the parts shown in Flgpl. Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary views inlongitudinal section illustrating the manner in which the hammers aremounted. Figs. 8 and 9 portingdisks upon a scale rediiced in comparisonwith that of Figs. 6 and 7. Figs. 10 and 11 show enlarged detail viewsof one of the hammers. Figs. 12, 13 and 14 illustrate the manner inwhich the hammer block is adjusted to different positions as it is Wornaway. Figs. 15, 16 and. 17 are views of the side frame for sup-portingthe screen bars. Figs. 18 and 19 show one of thescreen bar sections.Fig. 20 is a fragmentary perspective View showing the manner inwhich thescreen barsections and the side supporting frames are assembled. Figs.21 and 22 show the plates which are secured to the sides of the casingabove the bearings. Fig. 23 shows thejhardened lininterior of the endplates of the casing. p

The frame of the pulverizer consists of the side plates 1 and 2 and theend pieces 3, 3 to which the side plates are bolted. The end framepieces 3, 3 are each provided with central apertures 4 to receive themain shaft and with vertical slots 5 extending up show one of thehammer-sup '21 having enlarged inner ends wardly from these centralapertures, by

means of which. the into position.

The bearings for the shaft each have the upper and lower outer shells 6and 7 which are bolted together about the shaft. The lower of theseshells is provided with a semi-circular flange 8 near its inner end bymeans of which it is bolted to the semi-circular bosses 9 cast on theend plate 3. Both the upper and lower shells are provided with a flange10 extending radially outward which is machined to have a smooth surfaceand which comes flange 11 upon the end piece upon the lower side of thebearing, and on the upper sideol the bearing with the cover plate 12which is bolted to the upper semi-circular boss 13 upon the end framepiece. The cover plate It is bolted in place over the vertical. slots 5and in this manner the end of the machine is completely closed so thatno dust can find its .way out from the pulverizer shaft can be loweredchamber to the exterior of the machine.

lVithin the shells 6 and 7 is mounted the cylindrical bearing 15, inwhich is secured the bearing bushing 16. This bearing is provided withthe annular flange 17 curved outward in cross sectional contour whichengages and bears upon the inwardly projecting cylindrical flange 18 ofthe bearing shells 6 and 7 and is held in place against longitudinal androtative displacement with respect thereto by means of the dowel pins19. fitting within the recess 20 in the flange 18..

The bushing is held against longitudinal and rotative displacement withrespect to the bearing 15 by means of the dowel pins 22 and having theirouter ends upset to form the rivet heads. 23. The ring oilers 2 toperate in the usual manner to ltibricate the shaft hearing. The chamber25 is filled with lubricant through the openings 26 which are normallyclosed by screw plugs. Each of the bearing shells6, 7 is provided withdouble flanged ends 27 and the annular recess 28 between the flanges isadapted to receivethe felt or other packing by means of which dustisprevented' from entering the bearing and the oil is prevented fromleaking out around the shaft. I

The construction of the bearings as a whole and the adjacent. parts ofthe casing into close contact with the of the machine is such that dustis prevented from entering the hearing or from finding its way outaround the bearing to the exterior of the machine, a slightball-andsocket movement and also end play ofthe shaft is permitted ateach side of the machine, protection is aiforded to all of the bearingparts, and the thorough lubrication of the bearing surfaces is elfecte'dwithout permitting the oil to escape from the hearing chamber.

The shaft 34 has keyed upon it at one end the drive pulley 29 and at theother end the fly-wheel 30. against longitudinal displacement withrespect to the shaft, thus also securing the shaft from longitudinaldisplacement with respect to the machine as a whole.

Upon the shaft and immediately within the end frame pieces 3, 3 of thecasingof the machine are keyed the end plates 31, 31. These plates areprovided with a circular series of openings 32 therethrough and parallelto the axis of the shaft. A series of disk plates 33 are keyed to theshaft between the end plates 31, and each of'these disks is perforatednear its periphery at points 35, 35 corresponding with the perforations32 in the end plates 31. The disks 33 and end plates 31 are assembledupon the shaft with these perforations in alinement from end to end ofthe machine, and by means of these perforations the rods 36 are mountedin series about the shaft 34 as a center. The alternate rods of theseseries are preferably of a larger diameter than the remaining rods andupon these larger rods are mounted the hammer arms 37.

In pulverizers, as heretofore constructed, the hammers, which areusually rectangular parallelepipedons, are pivotally mounted upon therods 36 between the outer ends of adjacent spider arms. The outer endsof the hammers wear away rapidly under the action ofthe rock and stoneas the latter is ground against the concave or grate bars, and they musttherefore be frequently replaced. It is one of the objects of thisinvention to do away with the necessity for frequently replacing thesehammers. Accordingly the hammer arms 37, which are pivoted at theirinner ends to the rods 36 are enlarged somewhat at their outer ends.Each arm is-bifurcated at its outer end to form a pocket 38, generallrectangular in shape, in which is fastened t 1e hammer block 39. Thispocket 38 is open in front and on the outer face of the hammer and hasthe rear wall 40, the side walls 41, 42, and the bottom 43..

The hammerpieces 39 are blocks with four rectangular edge faces andtwosquare side faces. They' are mounted upon the pins' 44 which passcentrally through the hammer blocks and are supported in the side wallsThese parts are also fixed 41 and 42. 1 That part of the pin whichengages with the wall 41'is of a smaller diameter than the remainder ofthe pin which engages the hammer block and the other side wall 42. Thepins can thus be readily inserted in place, the shoulder 45 acting as astop to prevent longitudinal. displacement of the pin in one direction.As is shown in Fig. 7, the pins of ad acent hammer arms are placed withtheir large ends toward each other, which arrangement acts to preventlongitudinal displacement of the pins in the other direction. If thehammer arms are spaced across the machine in a manner to leave a gapbetween adjacent arms, as is often desirable, an lntermediate arm 46 1smounted, as shown in Fig- 6, to act as an abutment for the pins uponeach side of it and prevent their accidental removal from place.

Fig. 12 shows the hammer block in its first position, the dotted lineindicating its shape when worn. Since the hammer block is centrallymounted and solidly engages the rear wall 40 of the hammer arm, byremoving the pin, giving the block a quarter turn and again replacingthe pin, a second edge of the block is available "as a working face Thisoperation can be again repeated, three of the edges of the block beingsuccessively presented to the concaves and worn away before it becomesnecessary to insert a new block.

The side walls 41 and 42 of the arms are not extended outwardly as faras the hammer block and are not subject to the same de gree of wearand'abrasion. The life of the hammer armsis considerably lengthened byemploying the construction herein described and it is seldom necessaryto replace the arms or the pins which hold the blocks in place.

The alternate spaces between the disks 33 are regulated and fixed inamount by the filler blocks 47 oirthe rods 36. Rods 49 of smallerdiameter than that of rods 36 are mounted in the rows of perforations orapertures positioned alternately between the longitudinal rows .ofvapertu res which receive the rods 36. These smaller rods serve as restsfor the han'nners when the machine is idle in the manner illustrated bythe dotted line representations of the hammers in Fig.

Filler blocks can also be mounted on rods 49 between each two of thedisks 33 to assist in spacing the disks and add greater rigidity to thehannncr supporting structure. These alternate rods-of smaller diameterprevent the hammers in adjacent rows from interferi'ng, with each otherand becoming entangled, and particularly prevent the outerend of onehamu'icr from becoming caught by the inner end of the hammer in the nextadjacent row. a

Between the end frai'nes 3,301 the maary 12, 1907.

chine are bolted the curved plates 50, 51, forming part of the uppercasing of the machine. To each of these plates is secured the linings 52of ,special hardened steel which serve as breaker plates for thematerial. There is also bolted to the end frames 3, 3, the inclinedplate 53 and top breaker plate 54.

T he material is fed to the opening 55 bymeans of the plate feeder 56,reciprocated by means of gcarii'ig-indicated as a whole by 57, whichautomatically and in a constant stream feeds the material from thehopper 58 to the pulverizing chamber. It will be observed that thematerial as it falls through the opening first engages the inclinedplate 53 from which it falls directly into the path of the movinghammers as they traverse the upper approximately horizontal part oftheir circular path of rotation. In this way the material is first actedupon by the hanuncrs while it is. moving freelr through the pulverizingchamber and-out of contact with any of the inclosing surfaces of thatchamber. It will, of course, be under stooil that the shaft is rota-tingwhen the machine is in operation at a velocity so great that thematerial has no opportunity to fall between the hammers but that-all ofthe material is thrown outwardly with great force first againstthebreaker plates 54 and 52 and afterward against the other grindingsurfaces of the pulverizer. These grinding surfaces consist of theadjustable breaker- .plate 59 and the screen bar concaves 60 and (31.The adjustable breaker plate 59 can be moved horizontally toward andaway from the hammers by means of the adjusting screws (32. Thismechanism has been described and illustrated and claimed in inapplication, Serial No. 357,072, filed Febru- The-screen bar concave 60consists of the end supporting frames 63, {33, and the screen bars 64.The end frames 63 are each pivotally secured to theend frame pieces 3, 3of the machine as a whole at their upper ends, as shown at 65, and attheir lower ends rest upon the wedge-shaped supports 66. By adjustingthese supports 66 toward and away from the transverse central plane ofthe machihe, the loiver end of the concave 60 is lifted toward orlowered away from the hammers. The eid frames 63 are keyed upon theshaft to which they are secured to prevent longitudinal displacement andnear their lower ends they are likewise joined by means of the tie-rod67. These end frames 63 are provided with curved grooves 68 which areadapted to receive the ends of the screen bar section's. The screen bars64 are riveted together in sections, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19, fillerblocks'69 being used at the ends of the screen bars and at one or morepoints intermediate the ends of the weighted lever 7 8.

one rigid structure. The scre'en bar section shown in Figs. 18 and 19 isoffset at the ends to provide shoulders 70 adapted to en age theshoulders 71 at the lower end of t e grooves 68. It is to bind. the barsinto evident that because of this manner of as sembling the parts,

they can be readily disassembled which see re th'ejend' frames 63 to thepivot rod 5 and tie-rods 67 and moving these end frames may from eachother. At the same time when the :parts are assembled the screen barsare held firmly in position. By the manner in which the screen bars arerigidly secured together with rivets and filler blocks, both at theirends and at intermediate points, it is possible to continue operatingthe machine after one of the bars has become broken, the adjacent partsholding the broken fiends temporarily in position. The creen bar concave(31 is made up of parts similar to the parts of concave 60 and it islikewise pivoted at its upper end to the end frame pieces 3, 3 of themachine by means of the cross-rod 72. To each end of the tie-rod 73, bywhich the lower parts of the two screen bar supporting frames 7a areheld at a fixed distance from each other, is pivotally secured a. link75. The other end of each of these links 75 is pivoted to a second link76 which is rigidly secured to the cross-rock shaft 77, the latter beingpiv-. otally mounted in hearings in the ends of the machine; This shaftcan be rocked by means When the lever is in the horizontal position, asshown in full lines in Fig. 2, the concave 61 is in operative relationwith the other parts of the machine. When the lever 78 is thrown to itsupper position the lower end. of the concave 61 is lowered and thepnlverizing chamber can be cleaned or freed from metallic pieces orother undesirable objects which may have accidentally found their wayinto the pulverizing chamber. v

The end frame pieces 3, 3 of the machine are interiorly faced with thehardened steel lining plates 79 which fromthe Wear to which they aresubjected from contact with flying particles of material. These platesdo not extend inwardly toward the. oenter of the machine, but considered together constitute diameter of which is approximately the di--ameter of th disks 33 and the outer diameter of whi'clr is the diameterof the pulverizing chamber. This ring is, however, provided with anupward extension to protect those parts of the end pieces 3, 3 which lieadjacent to opening 55 and the top breaker plate 54. V

What I claim is:

1. In a. pulverizer, the combination of a rotatable radial arm, mediallyrecessed at its outer end to form a. pocket open in front a ring, theinner 1 simply loosening the screws protect the end plates.

and at the outer edge of the arm, the pocket having side walls and arear wall, a pin seagainst the rear wall.

' '2. The combination in a pulverizer, of a rotatable radial arm havingformed thereon a plane face approximately perpendlcular ;to"the circlesof rotation of the arm, a prismatic wearing block having a plurality ofplane side faces, and means for securing the block with its prismaticaxis parallel to the axis of rotation of. the arm and in front'of theplane face of the arm and with any one of its said plane faces flatly incontact with the plane face of the arm.

3. The combination in a pulverizer, of a rotatable frame, a plurality ofradial arms pivoted thereto in axial rows, each of said arms beingbifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pinsmounted in and between each pair of the said bifurcations, hammer blocksmounted on the pins, means for preventing the axial displacement of eachpin in one direction with respect to its arm, and means for preventingthe axial displacement of the adjacent pin of the same row in the'ot-herdirection with respect to its arm, all of the pins in each rowpxiallyalining with each other.

4. The combination ina pulverizer, of a rotatable frame, a plurality ofradial arms pivoted thereto in axial rows, each of said arms beingbifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pinsmounted in and betweeneach pair of the said bifurcations, hammer blocksmounted on the pins, means for preventing axial displacement of each pinin one direction with respect to its arm, means for preventing the axialdisplacement ofthe next'adjacent pin of the same row in the otherdirection with arms being bifurcated at its outer end in planeslongitudinal of the machine, pins mounted in and between each pair ofthe said bifurcations, and hammer blocks mounted on the pins, matingshoulders being formed on each pin and one of the bifurcationssupporting it to prevent axial displacement in one direction, the pinsof each adjacent pair being thereby prevented from displacement indirections away from each other, the two pins being in axial alinement.with each other.

6. The combination in a pulverizer, of a rotatable frame, a plurality ofradial arms pii'oted thereto in axial rows, each of said rows beingbifurcated at its outer end in planes longitudinal of the machine, pinsmounted in and between each pair of the said bifurcations, and hammerblocks mounted on the pins, mating shoulders being formed on each pinand one of the bifurcations supporting it to prevent axial displacementin one direction, the pins of each adjacent pair being thereby preventedfrom displacement in directions away from each with each other, and an"abutment member mounted to occupy the space between the ends of the twopins.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

\VILLIAM K. LIGGETT.

lVitnesses:

W. HAnnooK, J 0s. 'Wnnsrnn.

' other, the two pins being an axial alinement

